Spatial modulation for high-rate transmission systems

This paper proposes a high-rate spatial modulation transmission scheme based on the concept of Spatial Constellation (SC) and SC codewords introduced in [1]. In the proposed scheme, transmitted signal vectors are generated by multiplying spatial SC codewords with constellation symbols drawn from a conventional QAM or PSK constellation. The entries of SC codewords will determine how the constellation symbols are weighted and which transmit antennas among a total of nT transmit antennas are activated to transmit the signals. Different SC codewords allow us to have different ways to transmit the constellation symbols. Thus, information bits are born not only by constellation symbols but also by SC codewords. The additional spectral efficiency offered by SC codewords is proportional to the number of SC codewords which can be designed for each antenna configuration. A new low-complexity maximumlikelihood (ML) decoder is also devised for signal recovery. In addition, a theoretical union bound on the bit error probability is derived. Simulation results, supported by the theoretical upper bound, are given to compare bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed scheme with those of existing MIMO transmission counterparts in the literature for various antenna configurations. © 2014 IEEE.