Facile synthesis of cobalt-doped sodium lithium manganese oxide with superior rate capability and excellent cycling performance for sodium-ion battery

In this work, cobalt-doped sodium lithium manganese oxide (NLMC) was synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. Crystal structure and morphology of the NLMC material were examined using X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction, scanning eletron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry analysis. The NLMC material was utilized to fabricate CR2032-type coin cells, and later evaluated for its electrochemical characteristics. The partial substitution of manganese ions in the structure by cobalt and lithium ions is the main reason for the outstanding electrochemical properties. The NLMC material was delivers a specific capacity of 112 mAh/g at a current density of 0.1C; up to higher current density of 1C, it has retained a specific capacity of 63 mAh/g. In addition, the NLMC material exhibited an excellent cycling performance, it is able to remains up to 97.7 specific capacity over 100 cycles at the current density of 0.1C. The presented results provide new pathway of obtaining high electrochemical performance of the sodium manganese-based materials by employing other transitional elements to partially substitute manganese in the crystal structure. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.