An Automatic Method for Clay Minerals Extraction from Landsat 8 OLI Data. A Case Study in Chi Linh City, Hai Duong Province

Landsat satellite data have been effectively used for mineral resources extraction. This paper presents an automatic method for clay minerals extraction from Landsat 8 OLI image based on band rationing and principal component analysis methods. Firstly, the Landsat 8 data is used to calculate the NIR/RED (band5/band4) and SWIR1/SWIR2 (band6/band7) band rationing images. To highlight the distribution of clay minerals, these band rationing images are further used to multiply the digital number values of NIR and SWIR2 bands, then obtaining (band5/4) × band5 and (band6/7) × band7 images. Finally, the principal component analysis (PCA) method is used to calculate the principal components, then select the 2nd principal component (PC2) to detect clay minerals by the automatic thresholding method. The results in this research can be used to provide input information for mineral exploration. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.