Effect of Barrel Rifling Twist on the Driving Force and the Spin Movement of the Rotation Band

Aims: This study primarily concerns the formulation of a mathematical model to describe the rotational motion of a projectile and the associated propulsive force. Furthermore, this study examines the impact of a rifling twist on the propulsive power and rotational movement of the rotation band in the context of four distinct rifling variations used in the 23 mm ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun. Methods: A mathematical model for the spin movement of the projectile and the driving force is established. Then, an experimental study is conducted to compare and verify the established fundamental equations. Results: Out of the four varieties of rifling being studied, one is related to the initial rifling discovered in a 23 mm anti-aircraft gun barrel, while the other three types are associated with specific pieces of the original rifling discussed earlier. The analysis shows that the original rifling of the ZU-23-2 23 mm anti-aircraft gun successfully combines the good qualities seen in the three rifling variations that were previously studied. Conclusions: The proposed mathematical model about the spin motion of the projectile and the propelling force may be used to assess the impact of the rifling twist on both the propelling force and the rotational movement of the rotation band. The original rifling design of the ZU-23-2 23 mm anti-aircraft gun allows for a significant increase in projectile spin speed. However, it is worth noting that the driving power generated by this rifling design may surpass the capabilities of both type I and type II riflings that have been previously studied. The model and sequence presented in this study demonstrate their potential as a robust tool for the design of gun barrels and the assessment of the impact of rifling twist on barrel longevity. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.