Experimental study on pile foundations having batter piles subjected to combination of vertical and horizontal loading at 1-g Field

In this study, the behaviours and resistance mechanisms of pile foundations having batter piles were investigated through a series of vertical load tests and combination load tests on model foundations in dry sand ground at 1-g field. Pile foundation models consisting of 3 piles and 6 piles, with or without batter piles, were used in the experiments. The model pile was close-ended pipe with a length of 255 mm and an outer diameter of 20 mm. Dry silica sand having a relative density, Dr, of about 82% was used for the model ground throughout the experiments. Triaxial CD tests of the sand were carried out to obtain the mechanical properties and to investigate the behaviour of the sand. The results indicate that the piled raft having batter piles is the most effective to increase the resistances (in both vertical and horizontal directions) and reduce the inclination.